Mimic Model: A Tool to Estimate the Shadow Economy

A Complex Approach to Estimate Shadow Economy : The Structural Equation Modelling

the innovation of a statistical model to estimate dependable rainfall (dr) and develop it for determination and classification of drought and wet years of iran

آب حاصل از بارش منبع تأمین نیازهای بی شمار جانداران به ویژه انسان است و هرگونه کاهش در کم و کیف آن مستقیماً حیات موجودات زنده را تحت تأثیر منفی قرار می دهد. نوسان سال به سال بارش از ویژگی های اساسی و بسیار مهم بارش های سالانه ایران محسوب می شود که آثار زیان بار آن در تمام عرصه های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و حتی سیاسی- امنیتی به نحوی منعکس می شود. چون میزان آب ناشی از بارش یکی از مولفه های اصلی برنامه ...

Investigating the Relationship between Green Tax Reforms and Shadow Economy Using a CGE Model - A Case Study in Iran

I n the past decades, the effect of different tax amendments on various economic issues has been studied. The majority of these studies have avoided considering shadow economy as part of the calculation and analysis, and an issue, which has received little attention, is the relationship between green tax reforms and shadow economy, as for informal labor, which is well-connected to un...

A MIMIC approach to modeling the underground economy in Taiwan

The size of underground economy (UE) expansion usually increases the tax gap, impose a burden on the economy, and results in tax distortions. This study uses the MIMIC approach to model the causal variables and indicating variables to estimate the UE in Taiwan. We also focus on testing the data for non-stationarity and perform diagnostic tests. By using annual time-series data for Taiwan from 1...

Religion and the Shadow Economy

Religion is increasingly acknowledged to be a cultural dimension which affects economic outcomes in different regards. This contribution focuses on religion’s possible impact on the shadow economy. Different dimensions of the religious markets are taken into account. These dimensions refer to the overall degree of religiosity, the specific impact of different religions, religious competition or...